7/25/2023 0 Comments Stem cell therapy for ms![]() ![]() 19 MS has a genetic susceptibility, but it is not directly inherited. Within a span of 15–20 years, most (70%) of the patients with RRMS develop secondary progressive MS which is characterized by a progressive neurological decline independent of relapses (inflammation). The disease course is biphasic initially, there are alternating episodes of acute neurological deficits or worsening episodes of relapses followed by a complete or partial recovery (i.e., remission). Relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is the most common form of MS. 18 It affects the people of almost all the ages in many parts of the world, mostly young people, especially more prevalent in women, and among those in northern latitudes. MS is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS which involves the loss of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes that can be followed by a spontaneous and an efficient regenerative process called remyelination. Subsequently, this will discuss the development of hESC line at the Department of Stem Cell Therapy, Nutech Mediworld, India that has been able to treat various terminal diseases. 16, 17 This review provides an account on the role of hESC lines in treating MS and their comparison with other cellular therapies. These properties make them an ideal resource of unlimited supply of neural derivatives. 15 Pluripotency, self-renewal, and ability to regenerate and differentiate into neuronal cells are the promising factors to use hESCs in treating MS. Of the various neurological diseases, MS is one of the most complicated in which the underlying pathological mechanism remains unclear, and the incompetence of a large number of promising treatments for the disease makes it an ideal target for use in regenerative medicine. The remarkable properties of hESC therapy in treating various terminal conditions both in vitro and in vivo could be used as the first-line therapy in the future. ![]() hESC lines can differentiate into neural precursor cells and neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes that show their potential in treating several incurable neurological disorders like spinal cord injury, 9, 10 cerebral palsy, 11 multiple sclerosis (MS), 12 Parkinson’s disease, 13 and many more. HESC transplantation is a controversial yet a powerful strategy for the treatment of patients with autoimmune diseases. Studies have been carried out for various type of stem cells: autologous hematopoietic stem cells (AHSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Scientists define three ways to use stem cell therapy: the first involves the use of stem cells to replace damaged myelin-forming oligodendrocytes within the central nervous system (CNS) 2, 3 the second aims to replace the individual’s malfunctioning immune system, making use of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) 4, 5 and the third seeks to utilize the endogenous stem cell populations by mobilization with or without in vitro expansion, exploiting their reparative and neuroprotective properties. Treatment using cell therapy involves a form of immune suppression but unlike standard immune-based drugs, it is designed to reset rather than suppress the immune system. This is especially true with the various autoimmune disorders, specifically for the ones which are associated with nervous system, where damage often appears from the degeneration of cells. Promising advances have been made in the recent years in stem cell transplantation to treat and cure damaged tissues, injuries, and various diseases.
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